Sustainable Tourism Law

50 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM LAW Abroad, large structures required specialized managers, capable of managing increasingly complex business realities. From the ‘90s to current EU Legislation The “end of the century” was a moment of deep transformation in Europe and in Italy. From a legal point of view, what we could call the embryo of a “European Tourism Law” was born. From the point of view of professional education, the Italian University system finally opened up to tourism disciplines, providing tour operators with the opportunity to acquire university-level professional skills. Università di Milano-Bicocca opened the first Tourism Course in 1996 28 . University level education and EU policy: two important factors, had a profound impact on the tourist reality. Let’s start with EU policy. As we have seen, in the eighties, the EU began to understand the importance of tourism. The Italian legal framework was, therefore, deeply influenced – as is the case in other EU countries – by the Community’s impetus. With Legislative Decree 17 March 1995 no. 111 on the implementation of the Directive of 13 June 1990 no. 90/314 / EC on travel, holidays and all-inclusive circuits, the travel contract, which is the basis of tourism activity, was fully regulated. We should also mention the DLT 23 November 1991, no. 391 with the implementation of EEC directives no. 75/368 and no. 75/369 concerning the execution of various economic activities, pursuant to art. 16 of Dec. 29, 1990, no. 428 (Legge comunitaria 1990 – Community Law 1990); the DLT 23 November 1991, no. 392 with the implementation of Directive no. 82/470 EEC in the part concerning travel and tourism agents pursuant to art. 16 of Dec. 29, 1990, no. 428. It should also be mentioned that Law August 25 1991 no. 284 on the liberalization of tourism sector prices and support measures for tourism enterprises (Liberalizzazione dei prezzi del settore turistico e interventi di sostegno alle imprese turistiche) 29 . The new millennium was, from a legal point of view, characterized by the new Law No. 135 of March 29, 2001 (the second “Legge Quadro”): Legge Quadro sul Turismo (Framework Law on Tourism – Reform of National Tourism Law). This Law entered into force shortly before the constitutional revision of 18 October 2001 no. 3, which involved more than a few interpretation problems. 28 AA 1996/97 Diploma Universitario in Economia e Gestione dei Servizi Turistici della Facoltà di Economia 29 With the new Law, the prices of the hotel services and of the other receptive structures, were freely determined by the individual operators.