Sustainable Tourism Law

86 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM LAW December 1977, by which it approved the Agreement on Cooperation and Relationships between the United Nations and theWorldTourismOrganization. The Code is structured in 10 Articles. Here are the ten points: Art. 1: Tourism’s contribution to mutual understanding and respect between peoples and societies. Art. 2: Tourism as a vehicle for individual and collective fulfilment. Art. 3: Tourism, a factor of sustainable development. Art. 4: Tourism, a user of the cultural heritage of mankind and a contributor to its enhancement. Art. 5: Tourism, a beneficial activity for host countries and communities. Art. 6: Obligations of stakeholders in tourism development. Art. 7: Right to tourism. Art. 8: Liberty of tourist movements. Art. 9: Rights of the workers and entrepreneurs in the tourism industry. Art. 10: Implementation of the principles of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism. With reference to Sustainable Development, art. 3 states that “ 1. All the stakeholders in tourism development should safeguard the natural environment with a view to achieving sound, continuous and sustainable economic growth geared to satisfying equitably the needs and aspirations of present and future generations; 2. All forms of tourism development that are conducive to saving rare and precious resources, in particular water and energy, as well as avoiding so far as possible waste production, should be given priority and encouraged by national, regional and local public authorities; 3. The staggering in time and space of tourist and visitor flows, particularly those resulting from paid leave and school holidays, and a more even distribution of holidays should be sought so as to reduce the pressure of tourism activity on the environment and enhance its beneficial impact on the tourism industry and the local economy; 4. Tourism infrastructure should be designed and tourism activities programmed in such a way as to protect the natural heritage composed of ecosystems and biodiversity and to preserve endangered species of wildlife; the stakeholders in tourism development, and especially professionals, should agree to the imposition of limitations or constraints on their activities when these are exercised in particularly sensitive areas: desert, polar or high mountain regions, coastal areas, tropical forests or wetlands, propitious to the creation of nature reserves