Sustainable Tourism Law

398 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM LAW • Stockholm Declaration of 28 August 1996 against the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children; • Manila Declaration on the Social Impact of Tourism of 22 May 1997; • Conventions and recommendations adopted by the International Labour Organization in the area of collective conventions, prohibition of forced labour and child labour, defence of the rights of indigenous peoples, as well as equal treatment and non-discrimination in the work place; Using, for the purposes of this instrument, the definitions and classifications applicable to travel, and especially the concepts of “visitor”, “tourist” and “tourism”, as adopted by the Ottawa International Conference, held from 24 to 28 June 1991 and approved, in 1993, by the United Nations Statistical Commission at its twenty-seventh session. Affirm the right to tourism and the freedom of tourist movements, state our wish to promote an equitable, responsible and sustainable world tourism order, whose benefits will be shared by all sectors of society in the context of an open and liberalized international economy, and solemnly adopt for these ends the principles of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism. II.1. The Code’s 10 principles Those principles amply cover the economic, social, cultural and environmental components of travel and tourism: Article 1: Tourism’s contribution to mutual understanding and respect between different people and societies; Article 2: Tourism as a vehicle for individual and collective fulfilment; Article 3: Tourism, a factor of sustainable development; Article 4: Tourism, a user of the cultural heritage of mankind and contributor to its enhancement; Article 5: Tourism, a beneficial activity for host countries and communities; Article 6: Obligations of stakeholders in tourism development; Article 7: Right to tourism; Article 8: Freedom of tourist movement; Article 9: Rights of the workers and entrepreneurs in the tourism industry; Article 10: Implementation of the principles of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism;