Sustainable Tourism Law

A LEGAL APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS 753 – Level 2. These are indicators related to the ‘operational objectives’ of the Strategy and they are the lead indicators in their respective sub-themes. They are robust and available for most EUMember States for a period of at least three years. – Level 3. It has indicators related to actions described in the strategy or to other issues which are useful for analysing progress towards its objectives. – Finally, we find the contextual indicators. Although they are part of the SDI set, they are generally difficult to interpret in a normative way. They are included because they provide valuable background information on issues that have direct relevance to sustainable development policies and are helpful to gaining an understanding of the topic. Briefly, we can present the list of the ten themes of the main SDI framework headline indicators considering a gradient from the economic, through the social and environmental to the global and institutional dimensions. The core indicators must fulfil three criteria: (i) they cover relevant issues for sustainable development; (ii) they provide critical information not available from other core indicators; (iii) they can be calculated by most countries with data that is either readily available or could be made available within reasonable time and costs. They should also be analysed in a multi-dimensional nature of sustainable development, thus reflects the importance of integrating its prior four pillars (social, economic, environmental and institutional) (UnitedNations, 2007; Kovacic, 2017). We will briefly present two sets of indicators. Table 1 from the United Nations and Table 2 from the European Union. Table 1: Example of some indicators of sustainable development Theme Sub-theme Core indicator Other indicators Poverty Income poverty Proportion of population living below national poverty line Proportion of population below $1 a day Income inequality Ratio of share in national income of highest to lowest quintile Access to energy Share of households without electricity or other modern energy services Percentage of population using solid fuels for cooking … … … Source: Adapted from United Nations (2007)