Wine Law

10 WINE LAW 6. Supervision of Designations: Verification of Compliance with Product Specification. Paola Gelato and Stefano Vergano Geographical Indications and Designations of Origin in the Wine Field: Italian and European Perspectives 61 1. Introduction; 2. Geographical Indications and Designations of Origin; 3. Relationship between Designations of Origin, Geographical Indications, Collective Trademarks and Certification Trademarks; 4. Sanctions due to the Infringement of Designations of Origin and Geographical Indications; 5. Conclusions. Carlos Torres Definition of Wine 79 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. TRADEMARKS Marie-Elvire de Moro-Giafferri Protection of Wine Names by Trademark Law 89 Introduction; I. An Eligible Sign for Protection as a Trademark; I.1. Definition of Trademark; I.2. Distinctiveness: A Core Function of Trademarks; I.2.1. Commonplace elements; I.2.2. Lack of distinctiveness of descriptive terms; I.2.3. Three-dimensional trademarks and distinctiveness; I.3. A Lawful Sign; I.4. Lack of Deceptiveness and Wine Trademarks;