Wine Law

214 WINE LAW the French Fraud Control Office) have recognised “natural wine” as a new denomination 7 . These wines will be marketed under the denomination of “ vin méthode nature ”, and their production will be supervised by the Union of Natural Wines of France. For a “natural method wine”, it is necessary to have a certified organic vineyard, harvest manually, induce fermentation from native yeasts and not add sulfites before or during this process nor pasteurise. The new legislation allows the use of two logos: without added sulphites and with less than 30 mg of added sulphites per litre of wine. There has also been an attempt to position these wines as “vegan wines” 8 , based on an organic grape, but, for that nomenclature, it is required that the winemaking process does not contain products of animal origin, only products of plant origin can be used. The Second World War slowed the development of organic farming in Europe, especially in countries like Germany and Sweden, where further development had been achieved. Starting in the 1960s, the number of organic producers in Europe began to increase and, by 1972, the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) 9 was created, an organisation created to support and disseminate organic farming; currently, 127 countries are present. In 2003, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) 10 , together with the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), created the International Task Force on Harmonization and Equivalence in Organic Agriculture (IAG ). In the 1980s, several European countries began to recognise organic farming within their national agricultural programs, with France, in 1980, and Denmark, in 1987, incorporating it into the Agricultural Guidance Law. In Spain, the approval of the Regulation of the Generic Denomination “ecological agriculture” and its Regulatory Council are created by Ministerial Order, on 4 October 1989, beginning the activities in 1991 with more than 200 affiliates 11 . 7 Michele Lagalla, M. (2020) Francia otorga reconocimiento al vino natural . https://www.cocinayvino.com/vinos- bebidas/vino/francia-vino-natural/ ( accessed on 12 August 2020). 8 “The reason that all wines are not vegan or even vegetarian-friendly has to do with how the wine is clarified and a process called ‘fining’. (…) Traditionally the most commonly used fining agents were casein (a milk protein), albumin (egg whites), gelatin (animal protein) and isinglass (fish bladder protein).” in Gorman-Mcadams, M. (2011, 13 January). “Discovering Vegan Wine: What! Isn’t All Wine Vegan?”. The Kitchn ; available i n https://www.thekitchn.com/as-it-is-vegan-week-136676. 9 Source : https://www.ifoam.bio/ ( accessed on 12 August 2020). 10 FAO was created in 1945 with the mandate to raise nutritional and living standards, improve agricultural productivity, and improve the situation of rural populations. 11 Naredo, J. M. (1991). La agricultura ecológica , Cuaderno nº 3, BCA, Madrid.