Wine Law

3 Modern organic farming uses many technological innovations and bases its techniques on a high knowledge of ecology, soils and plant nutrition, the management of pests and adventitious plants, the genetic and biological potential, as well as a better management of agricultural and livestock techniques. In short, a very complete knowledge of biological and ecological interactions, nutrient cycles and management systems. However, this type of agriculture is not a recent phenomenon, since it had already manifested itself with other names. In 1947, the British Albert Howard promoted "organic-biological" agriculture 2 . Rudolf Steiner, founder of "anthroposophy" promoted "biodynamic" agriculture, whose philosophy was to adopt organic methods according to cosmology and lunar cycles, in such a way that no action opposes the whole (cosmos), with the main objective of avoiding the degeneration of food; in other words, the health of the vineyard is prioritized 3 . The Japanese Masanobu Fukuoka created "natural" agriculture from the publication of his first work "The One-Straw Revolution: An Introduction to Natural Farming", based on five fundamental principles of management: do not till, do not use fertilizers, or pesticides, not weeding (chemically, mechanically or manually) and not pruning, that is, what he called the "do nothing" method 4 . In Australia, "permaculture" or "permanent agriculture" emerged from the hand of Bill Mollison; and in other countries other names emerged such as "organic" agriculture (Rodale, 1948), "biological" (Aubert, 1970 and Pank, 1980), "alternativa" (Boeringa, 1980), "holística" (Hill, 1982), etc 5 . More recently, “agroecology” has been developed, which endows so-called “ecological” agriculture with an ecological scientific base, incorporating the social component and the dimension of the system analysis in its developments. Agroecology is an environmentally 2 Howard, Albert (1947). Un Testamento Agrícola . Imprenta Universitaria. 3 Fukuoka, M. (2009). The One-Straw Revolution: An Introduction to Natural Farming (Versión Kindle). N. York. 4 Fukuoka, M. (2009). The One-Straw Revolution: An Introduction to Natural Farming (Versión Kindle). N. York. 5 Vid. Andalucía Agroecológica, S.L. (2006). Manual básico de agricultura ecológica . Ed. Junta de Andalucía. https://www.juntadeandalucia.es/organismos/agriculturaganaderiapescaydesarrollosostenible/areas/pro duccion-ecologica/produccion/paginas/agricultura-ecologica-manual-basico.html (accessed on 12 August 2020).