Sustainable Tourism Law

334 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM LAW VI. PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM RESOURCES This is the last stage of the chain and, although the Government plays a fundamental role, private parties must also participate actively. No legislation dealing with tourism policies or programmatic matters may leave aside issues related to tourism promotion. The Government faces the inevitable challenge of harmonizing tourism by generating a space for the development and strengthening of a tourism offer, leading to the development of building projects, infrastructures that provide support to new projects and the invigoration of uncharted areas, whose importance will undoubtedly be determined by the Government. This promotion may be implemented in different ways, such as fairs, subsidies or advertising by the Government that may contribute to the reaffirmation of a national identity. However, above all it will be performed through the creation of public-private bodies for tourism promotion (clusters, institutes for tourism promotion, non-state public bodies) that will have the advantage of lacking some of the limits imposed to the state, while simultaneously allowing the interinstitutional coordination and the integration of different essential players from the private sector. CONCLUSIONS Considering all the points above, and given the fact that tourism is a complex discipline where different factors coexist, it calls for researched, planned and organized action. This requires adequate tourism laws with specific references to the spatial planning of this activity that must include tourism, spatial planning and protection of the cultural heritage and the environment, which cannot be implemented through an increase in the State’s expropriating and sanctioning powers. It is necessary to establish areas that, given their importance, should be declared as “Touristic Municipalities”. Others should be declared tourist zones, while others still may even be declared as saturated areas, at the appropriate moment, whenever they affect environmental and territorial protection factors. For this purpose, it is necessary to perform a thorough study of resources and areas suitable for tourism development while cooperating with other areas so as